Mar 1, 2010

DOHAS

Doha (Hindi: दोहा, Urdu: دوہا ) is a form of self-contained rhyming couplet in poetry. This genre of poetry first became common in Apabhramsha and was commonly used in Hindi and Urdu poetry.

Among the most famous dohas are those of Sarahpa, Kabir, Rahim, Tulsidas, Jamiluddin Aali and Surdas.

Doha is identified by a syllable count 13/11 or 11/13, counted with a value of 1 in case of Hrasva(Short sounding letter) and 2 in case of Dhirga(long sounding letter)

Here is a doha by Rahim:

जो रहीम उत्तम प्रकृति, का कर सकत कुसंग |
2 121 121 111/ 2 11 111 112 ==> 13/11
चन्दन विष व्यापत नहीं, लपटे रहत भुजंग ||
211 11 1211 12/ 112 111 112 ==> 13/11
Says Rahim, one who is of inherently noble nature, will remain unaffected even when he associates with bad people. The sandalwood plant does not absorb poison when the snakes wind around it.

Many Hindi poets have created several books which explain whole stories and epics in the form of dohas. The most popular is Tulasidas' Ramcharitmanas, a popular rendition of the Sanskrit epic, Ramayana.
See also

* Chaupai (poetry)
* Songs of realization

Links

* Doha Collection in Kavita Kosh
* Kabir
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HINDU-MUSLIM COMPOSITE CULTURE

Following points taken from http://alternativeperspective.blogspot.com/2003_10_01_archive.html

1. That Lord Ram blessed Prince Dara Shikoh in a dream (eldest son of Emperor Shahjahan and to-be King of India) to translate the Bhagavad Gita into Persian? (This Geeta reached the west and India’s Vedic history was rediscovered. Prince Dara was a great Sanskrit scholar and loved by the pundits of Kashi, the Sikh Gurus and the Sufis alike. He was murdered by his youngest brother Aurangzeb, for the throne)


2. That Goswami Tulsidas, the great devotee of Lord Ram, wrote the Ramayana under protection of the Mughal governor of Banaras, his best friend, Abdul Rahim Khankhana, (the great Krishna bhakt, famous for Rahim ke dohe)? Goswami Tulsidas was harassed by the powerful Brahmin priests, who did not want him to compose the Ramayana in the jan-bani, but Sanskrit.

[Note: Yes, Rahim ke dohe were composed by the same Abdul Rahim Khankhana who was the son of Bairam Khan and one of the nine jewels at Akbar's court--Rashmun]


3. Baba Bulleh Shah, the great Punjabi Sufi poet’s Guru was Madhavlal Hussain, neither a Hindu nor a Muslim? He said: Masjid dha de, mandir dha, dha de jo kucch dainda, Par kisi da Dil na dhain, Rab dilan which rehnda.. Break the temple, Break the mosque, Break what else besides, But break not a Human heart, Because that’s where God resides.


4. That the Suhagan Sufis of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, dressed like Hindu brides, with red sindoor and called themselves the dulhans of God/ Allah? Lal sindoor and chooris are offered at their dargahs.


5. That the slogan ‘Jai Hind’ was coined by Capt. Abid Hasan of the Subhash Chandra Bose’s INA in 1942? (The official greeting of the Netaji’s Azad Hind Fauj and a mantra for all Indians)


6. That Frontier Gandhi, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan organized the largest, 2 lakh non-violent army of sataygrahis for India’s freedom? (Under the British attacks, Frontier Gandhi said that: ‘My religion and my devotion to Bapu and India are one..’)


7. That Shivaji, the great Maratha leader, had both Hindus and Muslims as his generals and was equal to people of all faiths in his army. He ordered his followers to never attack women, children and holy books like the Quran.


8. That in the Great War of independence in 1857, Rani Lakhsmi Bai of Jhansi was protected by her Muslim Pathan generals, Ghulam Ghaus Khan and Khudaad Khan? (They guarded her Jhansi fort till they died, Their last words: For our queen we shall lay down our life, hack the firangis)


9. That Guru Gobind Singh’s best friend was a Sufi called Baba Badruddin, who sacrificed his life, all his sons, his brothers and 700 disciples in the Guru's battle against Aurangzeb? He called this the true path of Islam against injustice and was so loved by the Guru, that he offered his khalsa comb and sword to him, still at his dargah, Kange Shah, near Ambala.


10. That the Nawabs of Awadh, spent 13 days in celebrating Holi? Wajid Ali Shah’s court played Raslila, for Lord Krishna. The most famous Hindu dharmic play, Indra Sabha was composed in his court by a Muslim writer.

11. That the foundation of the Sikh’s Golden temple, was laid by a Muslim Sufi, Hazrat Mian Mir, the best friend of Guru Arjun Dev? (He was also the teacher of Mughal Prince Dara Shikoh, whose life the Sikh Guru, had saved as a child due to his great love for him)


12. That Guru Nanak’s lifelong companion was Mian Mardana, a Muslim rabab player? (He is the first singer of Sikh gurbani- and traveled with Guru Nanak from Hardwar to Mecca. Mian Mardana’s descendants played the rabab in the Golden temple for 500 years till 1947.


13. That the Sufis of India celebrate Basant panchmi by singing Saraswti vandanas since 800 years? (They revived Basant, by bringing sarson flowers and saffron chadars to the dargahs. The great poet, Amir Khusro has written hundreds of Holi geets to his Guru, whom
he compares to Krishna: Mohe suhagan, rang basanti rang de Khwajaji/ Aao, Sufiion sang Hori khelo)


14. That Ras Khan was one of the many Muslim Krishna bhakts? (like Bhikan, Ras Khan and Malik Mohhammed Jayasi of Padmavat). He renounced everything to live in Vrindavan, upon seeing a baniya’s son, whom he worshipped as Krishna. Hundreds of Krishna bhajans have been written by Muslims like Amir Khusro, Rahim, Hazrat Sarmad, Dadu, Baba Farid, many of which are part of the Guru Granth sahib.

[Note: Legend has it that Raskhan's funeral rites were performed by Lord Krishna, since he was such a great Krishna bhakta. Raskhan's samadhi is present even today on the outskirts of Gokula in the middle of a garden-Rashmun]


15. That Baz bahadur and Roopmati, the King and Queen of Mandu were a Rajput’s daughter and the son of Khilji. When Baz Bahadur was defeated by the Mughals
in battle of Mandu, Rupmati poisoned herself than be separated.


16. That in Bengal, the women sing a devi bhajan that only when the Hindus and Muslims brothers live together in peace, will Ma Laxmi stay in their land? (Ma Laxmi came back when Akbar the Nyayi was King, but when the English made the two brothers fight, she will
leave.. like now )

[Note: The reference to Akbar is no doubt a reference to Akbar the Great, Greatest of all Mughal Emperors, and certainly one of the greatest emperors the world has seen-Rashmun]


There are hundreds of other examples like Kabir Das, Mast Qalandar Sachal Sarmast, Ghalib, Ram Mohan Roy who lived according to our Sanjhi Virasat.

ABDUR RAHIM KHANKHANA

ABDUR RAHIM KHANKHANA ( 1556 – 1627)


Rahim lived during the reign of Akbar and was one of the Navaratnas of his court. He was a poet and astrologer and translated Babar’s memoirs from Turkish to Persian. Though a Muslim, Rahim was known for his excellent Hindi couplets (Dohe’), most of which have become immensely popular.


I quote one of which I am very fond of and which has universal applicability.


Rahiman paani rakhiye, bin paani sab shoon,

Paani gaye na ubare, Moti, Manas, Choon.

****

1556-1627 in Jahangir's court


chhamaa ba.Dan ko chaahiye, chhoTan ko utpaata.
kaa rahiim hari ko ghaTyo, jo bhR^igu maarii laat ..

Forgiveness is for those who are big (senior or with a big heart), being naughty is for the little. What did Hari (Lord Vishnu) lose when the Rishi Bhrigu kicked him (according to the legend).


rahiman dekhi ba.Den ko, laghu na diijiye Daari.
jahaa.N kaam aave suii, kahaa kare talavaari..

Don't lose the little (people or things) when you see the bigger ones. When you need a needle, what can a sword do?


TuuTe sujan manaaiye, jo TuuTai.n sau baar.
rahiman phiri phiri poiye TuuTe muktaahaar..

Make peace with you own ones (friends or relatives), even if they break with you a hundred times. Restring again and again broken pearl necklaces.


rahimana dhaagaa prem kaa, mat to.Do chhiTakaay.
TuTe se phir naa milai, milai gaa.nTh pa.Di jaay..

Don't break the string of love suddenly. The ends will be hard to join and even when you you can, there will be a knot.

*****


chhamaa ba.Dan ko chaahiye, chhoTan ko utpaata. kaa rahiim hari ko ghaTyo, jo bhR^igu maarii laat .. Forgiveness is for those who are big (senior or with a big heart), being naughty is for the little. What did Hari (Lord Vishnu) lose when the Rishi Bhrigu kicked him (according to the legend). rahiman dekhi ba.Den ko, laghu na diijiye Daari. jahaa.N kaam aave suii, kahaa kare talavaari.. Don't lose the little (people or things) when you see the bigger ones. When you need a needle, what can a sword do? TuuTe sujan manaaiye, jo TuuTai.n sau baar. rahiman phiri phiri poiye TuuTe muktaahaar.. Make peace with you own ones (friends or relatives), even if they break with you a hundred times. Restring again and again broken pearl necklaces. rahimana dhaagaa prem kaa, mat to.Do chhiTakaay. TuTe se phir naa milai, milai gaa.nTh pa.Di jaay.. Don't break the string of love suddenly. The ends will be hard to join and even when you you can, there will be a knot.

******


Says Rahim do not snap ever
the thread of love
once broken, it does not unite
if it does, knots appear.

Says Rahim do not spurn the trivial
seeing the weighty
when you need a sewing needle
of what use a sword.

Says Rahim keep your sorrow
to your own heart
others will taunt you
none willing to share.

Says Rahim a man with no education
wisdom, religion and generosity
an animal without a tail or horns
futile is his birth in this world.

Says Rahim pleased I am not
being offered ambrosia without respect
better to die with dignity
drinking poison.

Says Rahim a dilemma indeed
when you speak out the truth
worldly ties break
with lies you don't ever reach God.

Says Rahim the sun rises with glowing rays
it sets with equal grace
so does a good man
living through ups and downs.

Body, a paper toy
turns into pulp in a trice
strange, so says Rahim
yet filled with much pride.

How will the weak ever live
fighting the strong?
Says Rahim like being at war
with the crocodile while in water.

A tree does not eat its own fruits
no pond drinks up its own water
a good man saves for others' needs
so says Rahim.

Blessed is the love the fish has for water
lifeless without it
says Rahim a bumble bee is different
hopping flower to flower.

Blessed is the swamp
insects thrive on
says Rahim so vast the sea
yet everyone comes away thirsty.

Says Rahim my Lord's image is embedded in my eyes
there is place for none else
like a traveller turning away
from a full caravanserai.

******


Abdur Rahim KhanKhana (also known as Rahim) lived during the reign of Akbar. He translated Babar's Memoirs from Turkish to Persian. Despite being a Muslim, Rahim is better known for his Hindi couplets, most of which can be easily recited by school children.
the renowned poet Abdur Rahim Khankhana was the son of great Turkmen statesman, warrior and mentor of mughul emperor Akbar - Bairam Khan. She diseclosed that Gulshan Dang’s documentary has been supported by Indo-Turkmenistan Forum as part of the ongoing celebration of the 50th anniversary of Bairam Khan. She thanked the government and people of India for allowing her country to access the Indian archives for valuable historical facts about Turkmenistan.

Abdul Rahim Khankhana was one of the nine Navratna's in the court of Mughal emperor Akbar. He was a great admirer of Indian civilization. He was also an excellent poet and an Astrologer. His command over Sanskrit was exceptional considering the fact that he was not an Indian native but a person of Iranian origin. Two of his works are masterpieces on the subject of Astrology- Khet Kautukam and Dwawishd Yogavali. These two books still act as books of reference for people interested in Astrology.



While some may not be aware, the village of KhanKhanna goes back in history some 500 plus years, to the Moghul Rule of Emperor Akbar.



Bade badai na karain bade na boole bole
Rahiman heera kab kahe lakh taka mero mol."
~Rahim also known as "Rahim Das" (1556-1627)
Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana, an Indian Sufi poet.

*****



Abdur Rahim Khankhana Abdur Rahim KhanKhana (also known as Rahim) lived during the reign of Akbar. He translated Babar's Memoirs from Turkish to Persian. Despite being a Muslim, Rahim is better known for his Hindi couplets, most of which can be easily recited by school children.

Abdul Rahim Khankhana was one of the nine Navratna's in the court of Mughal emperor Akbar. He was a great admirer of Indian civilization. He was also an excellent poet and an Astrologer. His command over Sanskrit was exceptional considering the fact that he was not an Indian native but a person of Iranian origin. Two of his works are masterpieces on the subject of Astrology- Khet Kautukam and Dwawishd Yogavali. These two books still act as books of reference for people interested in Astrology.

*****


"rahiman vipda ho bhali, jo thode din hoye,
hit, unhit ya jagat me , jaani parat sab koye."

Meaning:
rahim das jee kahte hain, ki wo dukh (Vipda) achchi hai jo thode din hoti,
yaani thode din ki liye dukh aana chahiye.
taki humne pata chal sake ki kaun humara apna(hit) hai. aur kaun paraya.

*****

" rahiman chup ho baithiye dekh dinan kay pheir ...
jab nike din ayiahe banat na lagiye dair ...

******

Rahiman nij man ki vipdaa man hi raakho goye
Soon ithi lain hain log sab baanti na lain hain koye

*****


Quote:
Originally Posted by charora View Post
Dayaa Dharam kaa mool hai! Paap mool abhimaan!!
Tulsi Dayaa na chhoriye! Jab lag ghat mein Praan!!
-Tusli Das

Chinta Aisee Dakini, Kat Kaleja Khaye
Vaid Bichara Kya Kare, Kahan Tak Dawa Lagaye

Dheere Dheere Re Mana, Dheere Sub Kutch Hoye
Mali Seenche So Ghara, Ritu Aaye Phal Hoye

Meetha Sab se boliye, Faile sukh chahun ore!
Washikarn hai mantra yehi, Taj de vachan Kathore !!
-Kabir

Kankar pathar jod ke, Masjid laye banay
Taa chadh mulla baang de, kya behra hua khudaey
-Kabir

Mangan maran samaan hai, na mange kabhi bheekh
Mangan se marna bhala, yeh satguru ki seekh
-Kabir

Kabira mann nirmal bhaya, jaise ganga neer
paachhey paachhey hari phire, kehet kabir kabir

Rahiman Paani Rakhiye! Bin Paani Sab soon!!
Paani Gaye naa oobre! Moti, Manas, Choon !!
-Rahim


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Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana was the son of Akbar’s trusted caretaker, Bairam Khan who had Turk ancestry.

After Bairam Khan was murdered, his wife became the second wife of Akbar, which made Abdul Rahim Khan-e-Khan his stepson, and later he became one of his nine prominent ministers, the Navaratnas, or nine gems.

Although a Muslim by birth, Rahim was a devotee of Lord Krishna and wrote poetry dedicated to him. He was also an avid Astrolger, and the writer if two important works in Astrology Khet Kautukam and Dwawishd Yogavali are still popular. [2]

He is well known for his strange manner of giving alms to the poor. He never looked at the person he was giving alms to, keeping his gaze downwards in all humility. When Tulsidas heard about Rahim's strange method of giving alms, he promptly wrote a couplet and sent it to Rahim:

Aisi deni den jyu, kit seekhe ho sain
Jyon jyon kar oonchyo karo, tyon tyon niche nain


"Sir, Why give gifts like this? Where'd you learn that?
Your hands are as high as your eyes are low"

Realizing that Tulsidas was well 'Aware' of the 'Truth' behind creation, and was merely giving him an opportunity to say a few lines in reply, he wrote to Tulsidas in all humility:

Denhar koi aur hai, bhejat jo din rain
Log bharam hum par kare, taaso niche nain


"The Giver is someone else, bestowing, day and night.
The world gives me credit: so, down are my eyes."

His two sons were killed by Akbar's son Jehangir and their bodies left to rot at the Khooni Darwaza because Rahim was not in favour of Jehangir's accession to the throne at Akbar's death.

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